COVID vaccines in human trail brings hope of early success.

         The COVID vaccine trial in UK
•Microbiologist Elisa Granato, being injected as part of the first human trials in the UK for a potential coronavirus vaccine, untaken by Oxford University, England.
•The researchers started screening healthy volunteers in March for the 'ChAdOx1 nCoV-19' vaccine trial.

The vaccine was developed in under three months by a team at Oxford University. Sarah Gilbert, professor of vaccinology at the Jenner Institute, led the pre-clinical research.

So how does the vaccine work?
The vaccine is made from adenovirus
(a weakened version of a common cold viruses) from chimpanzees that has been modified so it cannot grow in humans.
How will it be known that the vaccine actually works?
The only way the team will know if the Covid-19 vaccine works is by comparing the number of people who get infected with coronavirus in the months ahead from the two arms of the trial.

What is the aim of human trial?
The aim of the human trial is to assess whether healthy people can be protected from Covid-19 with this new vaccine called ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. It will also provide valuable information on safety aspects of the vaccine and its ability to generate good immune responses against the deadly virus.

Is it safe?
The trial volunteers will be carefully monitored in the coming months. They have been told that some may get a sore arm, headaches or fevers in the first couple of days after vaccination.

They are also told there is a theoretical risk that the virus could induce a serious reaction to coronavirus, which arose in some early Sars animal vaccine studies.

But the Oxford team says its data suggests the risk of the vaccine producing an enhanced disease is minimal which is acceptable to eradicate the deadly virus.
So who will get first?
The researchers are prioritising the recruitment of local healthcare workers into the trial as they are more likely than others to be exposed to the virus. A larger trial, of about 5,000 volunteers, will start in the coming months and will have no age limit. The Oxford University team is also considering a vaccine trial in Africa, possibly in Kenya, where the rates of transmission are growing from a lower base. 

The optimistic time-frame being looked at for around a million doses is by September. Deals have been done with UK and overseas manufacturers to make the vaccine at scale, can it prove effective? 
We will get the answer eventually in upcoming weeks.

Even after all these discoveries "the strict social distancing lockdown measures is necessary to suppress the spread of the deadly virus.

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